Legal Analysis of the Legal Responsibility of Regional Governments in the Management of Regional-Owned Enterprises (BUMD)
Keywords:
legal liability; regional government; regional-owned enterprises (BUMD); Perumda; Perseroda; good corporate governanceAbstract
Regional-Owned Enterprises (Badan Usaha Milik Daerah, BUMD) are business entities owned by regional governments and intended to serve as a source of locally generated revenue. In practice, however, many BUMD contribute little to regional revenue and receive more capital injections from the regional government than the profits they return. This article examines two problems: first, the legal responsibility of regional governments in managing BUMD; and second, the implications of the legal form of BUMD for their management. It uses normative juridical research with a statute approach and a conceptual approach, and analyses primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials through descriptive, evaluative, interpretative and argumentative techniques. The analysis shows that the legal responsibility of the regional government is that of a capital owner, supervisor and guide, exercised through the regional head who represents separated regional wealth. The regional government sets policy direction, provides guidance, and accounts for management to the Regional House of Representatives (DPRD), as regulated in Government Regulation No. 54 of 2017. The legal form matters. In a Perumda, management is burdened by the dual mandate of prioritising public benefit while also earning profit, and by the extensive authority of the regional head as capital owner. A Perseroda is profit-oriented and therefore depends on competent directors and commissioners, whose recruitment must follow the applicable laws and regulations.
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Law No. 5 of 1962 on Regional Companies (Perusahaan Daerah).
Law No. 17 of 2003 on State Finance.
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Law No. 15 of 2006 on the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BPK).
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Law No. 31 of 1999 on the Eradication of Corruption, as amended by Law No. 20 of 2001.
Government Regulation No. 54 of 2017 on Regional-Owned Enterprises.
Government Regulation No. 12 of 2019 on Regional Financial Management.
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