Law Enforcement Against Personal Data Hacking Offenses by the Cyber Investigation Directorate of the Bali Regional Police

Abstract

The rapid development of information technology has not only transformed people's lifestyles but has also triggered the evolution of conventional crime into modern forms of cybercrime, one of which is the crime of hacking personal data. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of law enforcement against the crime of hacking personal data by the Bali Regional Police Cyber ​​Investigation Directorate and identify the obstacles faced in the enforcement process. The research method used is empirical juridical with a statutory, conceptual, and case approach, where data collection was carried out through literature studies and in-depth interviews with internal parties of the Bali Regional Police Cyber ​​Investigation Directorate. The results of the study indicate that law enforcement against the crime of hacking personal data from 2024 to May 2026 in the jurisdiction of the Bali Regional Police has been implemented in an integrated manner through a repressive, pro-justicia and preventive approach, which is reflected in the decreasing trend in the number of reports from 18 reports (2024), 9 reports (2025), to 2 reports (May 2026). The majority of cases are resolved through the Investigation Termination Order (SP3). However, the investigation process still faces complex obstacles due to the cross-border nature of the crime, the anonymity of perpetrators who utilize VPN and proxy technology, the placement of servers abroad, and the low level of legal awareness among the public regarding protecting their personal data. Continuous strengthening of the legal structure, substance, and culture, along with cross-sectoral and international cooperation, are key determinants for optimizing legal protection for the public's personal data.